Growth and Developmental Stages of 13-24 Months- Olds
Social and Emotional
- Needs to imitate; engages in domestic mimicry; puts on hat
- Hurts, cries, laughs appropriately
- Asks for things; demands wants by pointing and talking
- Says “No” often, even when he likes something
- Tends to repeat performances that are laughed at
- Capable of unmistakable fear, anger, jealously, anxiety, sympathy, suspicion, anti social behavior
- Communicates to others a wide range of emotional states
- Works hard at play – self absorbed play
- Repeats pleasurable acts
- Sees objects as permanent and having a place, even when hidden
- Pulls person to show them something
- Imitates and mimics
- Has sense of order
- Resistant to change in routine
- Needs immediate substitutions and distractions
- Beginning to claim “mine” but no clear definition
- Worries about people, parts of body
- Separates self from adults for short distance, then retreats, cries when separated
- Likes to do errands of fetch and carry
- Engages in play activity similar to those of playmates; parallel to play
- Makes mental picture of objects and actions and reinvents use of objects repeatedly
- Remembers short term events, people, places
- Disorients quickly when events change
- Falls apart and comes back together regularly
Language
- Pats at pictures
- Relates words to gestures
- Associates words with objects
- Understands arrival and departure when consistent
- Says five words in addition to Ma-ma and Da-da
- Imitates, picks up jargon, plays telephone
- Names pictures if asked
- Indicates wants and needs, throws himself down when denied
- Looks back and forth at pictures on wall
- Identifies pictures – dog, shoe, baby
- Looks back and forth at pictures in book
- Says up to 25 words
- Uses phrases, understands simple directions
- Names two objects out of 10 given 1, 2, 3, or 4 directions
- Uses words to replace actions – says bye-bye, waves, instead of going to door
- Asks for things by a combination of words and gestures
- Points and names objects
Fine Motor
- Retrieves hidden toy – all trials
- Uses a slight casting motion – throws back then forward
- Builds and knocks down towers of three blocks
- Pinches and uses cortical opposition in both hands simultaneously
- Holds two small objects in one hand
- Gets five or six objects out of 10 in a box
- Takes pants, shoes and socks off, no help
- Handles two objects at once
- Fits cans inside of one another according to size
- Points to parts of body
- Threads and strings objects
- Turns pages of book, several at a time
- Strokes crayon, imitatively in air
- Eats with spoon, spills
- Builds tower of five cubes
- Scribbles on paper spontaneously
- Uses cup, puts down when finished
- Begins to dress self, fusses with zippers, buttons
- Builds tower of six-seven blocks, no help
- Holds glass with one hand
- Holds spoon right side up, does not spill
- Aligns two cubes in row for train
- Imitates vertical and circular stroke
- Sits and “reads” little picture books, turns pages singly
- Empties and pours objects in and out of containers
Sensory
Visual
- Focuses, best standing, replacing crawl
- Bends over and looks through legs
- Uses sense of vertical plane firmly in practice
- Recognizes pictures pertaining to house, food, clothing
- Points to objects named
- Has awareness of form
- Segregates parts, categorizes simple objects visually = socks, shoes
- Labels household items by name
- Prefers vertical to horizontal scanning
- Leads with eyes rather than follow
- Begins to identify things by where they should be
Auditory
- Pursues sounds in his environment tirelessly
- Responds to music with animation and action
- Understands 10-25 words of speech – two word couplets
- Understand one step directions
- Identifies sounds (airplane) without seeing them
Tactile
- Chews effortlessly
- Imitates stroke on paper
- Discriminates between hot-cold, rough-smooth
- Discriminates hand sized objects, touches everything
- Enjoys water and sand play
- Begins to take things apart, can handle simple mechanical devices
- Touches and labels objects without seeing them
Gross Motor
- Falls head long – takes few steps alone
- Walks without help
- Pulls toys behind self and looks behind at toy
- Gets up from middle of floor
- Forgets to hold on – catches self
- Attains upright position, catches self when falls
- Climbs; moves furniture
- Climbs up stairs or onto low chair
- Cannot go around corners or stop suddenly
- Walks up steps one hand held
- No longer creeps or crawls
- Rarely falls when walking
- Runs stiff legged
- Goes to bathroom, sits on toilet
- Climbs into adult chair
- Stoops, picks up, stands again
- Squats at play
- Walks up stairs, holds rail
- Walks down stairs, hand held
- Pushes toy, says “choo” “choo”
- Runs, stops, turns around, stoops down
- Throws from elbow, retrieves, throws again
- Kicks ball on request
- Walks backward and runs
- Walks up and down stair alone
- Dances – joy in movement and motion
- Carries blocks, toys around room, pounds together
